On the small Galápagos island of Rábida, scientists have rediscovered an animal thought to be extinct: the leaf-toed gecko (Phyllodactylus). This nocturnal lizard had long been considered gone—only fossil bones had ever been found. Now, living specimens have been observed, and even DNA samples collected. This surprising find is a success for conservation and highlights the value of protective measures.
The story begins in 2011, when invasive rats were removed from Rábida. These rodents likely preyed on the eggs and young of many native species, including geckos. After the rats were eradicated, a gecko was spotted in 2012—just one, but a promising sign. To verify the discovery, biologists launched two expeditions in 2019 and 2021, collecting tissue samples and studying the animals.
In the lab, the DNA was compared to other Galápagos geckos. The Rábida geckos are closely related to Phyllodactylus maresi, found on the nearby islands of Santiago and Marchena. However, genetic and physical differences were also observed. The researchers propose classifying the Rábida population as a separate “evolutionarily significant unit” (ESU). This means they are not a new species, but still important for genetic diversity and worthy of special protection.
The study shows that some species may not be extinct—just hard to find, especially if they are shy and active at night. It also proves that targeted conservation efforts, like removing invasive species, can make a big difference. Without the rat eradication, the geckos might never have recovered.
To prevent such rediscoveries from going unnoticed, scientists emphasize the need for regular monitoring. Reliable data helps identify which species and habitats need protection. The Rábida gecko story offers hope: nature can be more resilient than we think—if we give it a chance.
